Last week we discussed how there is increased scientific support for there being an autoimmune component for those who suffer with chronic Lyme related symptoms. We appreciated the feedback from our viewers, and there appeared to be question and confusion among those living with chronic Lyme related symptoms as to whether there is an immune deficient component to the illness. In today’s broadcast we will survey the scientific articles where these assertions came from, address controversy related to these assertions, and look at some of the newest articles on the topic.
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References:
| 1. | Decreased CD57 lymphocyte subset in patients with chronic Lyme disease. |
| Stricker RB, Winger EE. | |
| Immunol Lett. 2001 Feb 1;76(1):43-8. | |
| PMID: 11222912 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 2. | Longterm decrease in the CD57 lymphocyte subset in a patient with chronic Lyme disease. |
| Stricker RB, Burrascano J, Winger E. | |
| Ann Agric Environ Med. 2002;9(1):111-3. | |
| PMID: 12088407 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free Article | |
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| 3. | Counterpoint: long-term antibiotic therapy improves persistent symptoms associated with lyme disease. |
| Stricker RB. | |
| Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jul 15;45(2):149-57. Epub 2007 Jun 5. Review. | |
| PMID: 17578772 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free Article | |
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| 4. | Point: antibiotic therapy is not the answer for patients with persisting symptoms attributable to lyme disease. |
| Auwaerter PG. | |
| Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jul 15;45(2):143-8. Epub 2007 Jun 5. Review. | |
| PMID: 17578771 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free Article | |
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| 5. | Natural killer cell counts are not different between patients with post-Lyme disease syndrome and controls. |
| Marques A, Brown MR, Fleisher TA. | |
| Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009 Aug;16(8):1249-50. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00167-09. Epub 2009 Jun 10. | |
| PMID: 19515868 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free PMC Article | |
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| 6. | Natural killer cells and natural killer T cells in Lyme arthritis. |
| Katchar K, Drouin EE, Steere AC. | |
| Arthritis Res Ther. 2013 Nov 7;15(6):R183. doi: 10.1186/ar4373. | |
| PMID: 24286535 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free PMC Article | |
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| 7. | Macrophage p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity regulates invariant natural killer T-cell responses during Borrelia burgdorferi infection. |
| Hawley K, Navasa N, Olson CM Jr, Bates TC, Garg R, Hedrick MN, Conze D, Rincón M, Anguita J. | |
| J Infect Dis. 2012 Jul 15;206(2):283-91. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jis332. Epub 2012 May 2. | |
| PMID: 22551807 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free PMC Article | |
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| 8. | Localized production of IL-10 suppresses early inflammatory cell infiltration and subsequent development of IFN-?-mediated Lyme arthritis. |
| Sonderegger FL, Ma Y, Maylor-Hagan H, Brewster J, Huang X, Spangrude GJ, Zachary JF, Weis JH, Weis JJ. | |
| J Immunol. 2012 Feb 1;188(3):1381-93. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102359. Epub 2011 Dec 16. | |
| PMID: 22180617 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free PMC Article | |
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| 9. | Natural killer cells in chronic Lyme disease. |
| Stricker RB, Winger EE. | |
| Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009 Nov;16(11):1704; author reply 1704-6. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00260-09. No abstract available. | |
| PMID: 19880717 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] Free PMC Article | |
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| 10. | Natural killer T cells recognize diacylglycerol antigens from pathogenic bacteria. |
| Kinjo Y, Tupin E, Wu D, Fujio M, Garcia-Navarro R, Benhnia MR, Zajonc DM, Ben-Menachem G, Ainge GD, Painter GF, Khurana A, Hoebe K, Behar SM, Beutler B, Wilson IA, Tsuji M, Sellati TJ, Wong CH, Kronenberg M. | |
| Nat Immunol. 2006 Sep;7(9):978-86. Epub 2006 Aug 20. | |
| PMID: 16921381 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 11. | Immune responses induced by spirochetal outer membrane lipoproteins and glycolipids. |
| Schröder NW, Eckert J, Stübs G, Schumann RR. | |
| Immunobiology. 2008;213(3-4):329-40. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.11.003. Epub 2008 Jan 2. Review. | |
| PMID: 18406378 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 12. | Analysis of some peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in relation to Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patients with Lyme disease. |
| Zajkowska JM, Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T, Wysocka J, Kondrusik M, Pancewicz SA, Grygorczuk S. | |
| Rocz Akad Med Bialymst. 2000;45:184-98. | |
| PMID: 11712430 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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